Sintered Zirconia Corundum Bricks for High-Temperature Furnaces: Performance Up to 2000°C

Rongsheng Refractory
2026-02-21
Tutorial Guide
Selecting refractory linings for extreme smelting conditions can be challenging. Sintered zirconia corundum bricks are designed for high-temperature service up to 2000°C, using a bauxite-and-zircon composite formulation to improve thermal shock resistance, mechanical strength, and long-term stability in aggressive furnace environments. This guide explains key technical properties (typical refractoriness 1770–2000°C, compressive strength, thermal shock stability), and shows how different sizes and specifications can be tailored for real applications such as steel continuous casting tundishes, non-ferrous melting furnaces, and chemical cracking furnaces. It also highlights automated process control and quality assurance under ISO 9001 and CE frameworks to ensure consistency and reliability. With pre-sales engineering support, customized lining design, and professional installation guidance, the solution helps your high-temperature furnace run more stable and last longer—supported by Rongseng’s global service network across 30+ countries, ready to respond to customization needs. Click to get a custom refractory solution template.
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How to Choose High-Temperature Refractory Materials: Why Sintered Zirconia Corundum Bricks Stand Out in Extreme Smelting Furnaces

Selecting refractory lining for high-temperature metallurgy is rarely a “pick the highest rating” decision. Real furnaces fail from thermal shock, chemical corrosion, slag penetration, and mechanical abrasion—often in combination. In many steel, non-ferrous, and chemical operations, sintered zirconia corundum bricks have become a reliable choice for stabilizing furnace operation and extending lining life—helping your high-temperature furnace run more stable and last longer.

Quick decision clue: If your furnace cycles frequently, suffers sudden temperature swings, or faces aggressive slag/metal vapor attack, zirconia–alumina composite systems typically outperform single-component alumina bricks in stability and service life.

What Is a Sintered Zirconia Corundum Brick (and Why the Formula Matters)

A sintered zirconia corundum brick is a high-performance refractory made from a carefully engineered composite—most commonly high-grade bauxite (alumina source) and zircon sand (zirconia source). The goal is not just high refractoriness, but balanced resistance to the three furnace “killers”: heat shock, slag corrosion, and structural fatigue.

In practical terms, zirconia contributes crack-arrest behavior and improved corrosion resistance in harsh melts, while corundum (Al2O3) delivers mechanical strength and high-temperature stability. The sintering process further improves density and consistency—critical for predictable performance in large-scale industrial kilns and smelting furnaces.

Sintered zirconia corundum brick microstructure and dense refractory body for high-temperature furnace lining

Core Composition (Typical Reference Range)

Component Typical Content What It Improves in Real Furnaces
Al2O3 (from bauxite/corundum) 70–90% High hot strength, abrasion resistance, stable structure at high temperature
ZrO2 (from zircon) 8–25% Thermal shock resistance, corrosion resistance, reduced crack propagation
SiO2 + minor oxides ≤6% (controlled) Controls glassy phase; affects slag penetration and high-temp stability

Note: Actual design depends on slag chemistry, furnace cycling, and lining layout. Final composition should be confirmed by your operating data and engineering drawings.

Performance Under Extreme Conditions: What Buyers Should Compare

Many purchasing teams focus on “maximum temperature,” but lining success is usually decided by heat cycling + chemical attack + load. Below is a practical reference comparison used by engineers when evaluating candidates for extreme metallurgical service.

Key Indicator Sintered Zirconia Corundum Brick High-Alumina Brick (Reference) Why It Matters on Site
Refractoriness / service range 1770–2000°C (application-dependent) 1600–1770°C Avoids softening, deformation, and premature structural failure
Apparent porosity 14–18% 18–24% Lower porosity reduces slag penetration and chemical corrosion paths
Cold crushing strength (CCS) 80–140 MPa 50–90 MPa Resists mechanical load, charging impact, and lining wear
Thermal shock resistance Stronger (fewer spalls under cycling) Moderate Directly impacts maintenance frequency and unplanned shutdown risk
Slag/corrosion resistance Higher in aggressive melts Medium Improves campaign life where slag is high FeO, alkali, or fluoride-rich

“For furnaces with frequent start-stop or aggressive slag, stability is often more valuable than a single peak-temperature number. A dense zirconia–alumina composite can reduce spalling and keep the lining geometry stable over time.”

— Refractory application engineer (field note, multi-industry commissioning)

Where These Bricks Win: Steel, Non-Ferrous, and Chemical Furnaces

Below are common industrial scenarios where sintered zirconia corundum bricks are chosen not for marketing reasons, but because they match the failure mode of the lining.

1) Steel Industry: Continuous Casting Tundish & Transfer Zones

In continuous casting, refractories face rapid temperature changes, molten steel erosion, and aggressive slag carryover. Zirconia corundum bricks are frequently specified for impact areas, slag line zones, and high-wear corners where spalling and washout are common.

  • Better resistance to thermal cycling helps reduce corner chipping during repeated heats.
  • Denser structure helps limit slag infiltration, improving geometric stability.
  • Custom shapes can match nozzle blocks and flow-control layouts.
Industrial furnace lining area using zirconia corundum refractory bricks for slag line and high-wear zones

2) Non-Ferrous Smelting: Aluminum/Copper Melt Furnaces

Non-ferrous furnaces often combine high temperature + flux chemistry (including fluoride or alkali components) that accelerates corrosion. A zirconia–alumina composite can offer stronger chemical stability and reduce the rate of penetration—especially in hot-face lining sections subjected to frequent skimming and charging.

Typical project requirement patterns include tight dimensional tolerances (to reduce joint gaps), controlled porosity for corrosion resistance, and consistent batch-to-batch performance to maintain stable campaigns.

3) Chemical Industry: Cracking / Gasification / High-Temperature Reactors

Chemical furnaces can expose linings to high-velocity gases, particulate abrasion, and chemically complex atmospheres. In such cases, the value proposition is often a balance: stable structure at temperature, reliable strength, and a lining system designed to reduce unplanned stoppages.

Smart Manufacturing & Quality Assurance: Consistency Is the Hidden ROI

In refractory procurement, a “good sample” is not enough—industrial buyers need repeatability. Automated batching, controlled sintering curves, and standardized inspection routines help keep properties stable across large orders and long-term supply agreements.

Process Control (Examples)

Automated weighing (±0.2% batching accuracy), moisture control, high-pressure forming, and programmable sintering profiles help reduce density fluctuations that often lead to localized spalling.

Quality System (Buyer-Friendly)

ISO 9001-based management and CE-oriented compliance practices help document traceability, inspection standards, and delivery consistency—key for audits and multi-site rollouts.

Incoming / Outgoing Testing

Typical controls include bulk density, apparent porosity, CCS, dimensional tolerance, and selected corrosion/thermal shock tests based on your furnace duty cycle.

Quality inspection and automated manufacturing control for zirconia corundum refractory bricks with certified production system

Practical Selection Checklist (Engineers Actually Use)

When buyers say “we need a 2000°C refractory,” they often mean “we need a lining that survives our real operating pattern.” A more reliable approach is to define your conditions first, then match the brick grade and shape.

Ask These Questions Before You Confirm the Grade

  1. Operating temperature vs. cycling: Is it continuous, or frequent start-stop? What’s the typical ramp rate?
  2. Slag / melt chemistry: High FeO? Alkali? Fluoride flux? Any unusual additives?
  3. Wear mechanism: Erosion, abrasion, impact, or chemical corrosion—which dominates?
  4. Construction constraints: Standard bricks or special shapes? Tight joints? Expansion allowances?
  5. Maintenance strategy: Do you prioritize long campaigns or quick patching?

Interactive prompt: Click to get a custom refractory selection template you can share with your furnace engineer—includes operating parameters, slag checklist, and drawing notes for shaped brick customization.

Installation Guidance That Prevents Early Failure (Often Overlooked)

Even a premium refractory can fail early if the lining system is installed like a generic alumina brick job. For zirconia corundum bricks, most on-site issues come from joint control, expansion allowance, and drying/heating schedules.

  • Keep joints consistent: uneven joints create local hot spots and crack initiation lines.
  • Respect expansion gaps: insufficient allowance can cause compression cracking during heat-up.
  • Follow staged dry-out: rapid heat-up can trigger spalling, especially in thick linings.
  • Use correct mortar/castable pairing: the “best brick” can be limited by incompatible joint materials.

“After switching to tighter tolerance bricks and standardizing the dry-out curve, we reduced corner spalling significantly and stabilized the maintenance window.”

— Customer feedback from a high-temperature smelting line (confidential site reference)

From Standard Sizes to Full Customization: Matching Your Furnace Layout

Sintered zirconia corundum bricks are typically supplied in standard formats (straight bricks, wedges, arches) and engineered shapes. For complex zones—burners, tap holes, slag lines, corners—customization can reduce cutting waste, tighten joints, and improve lining stability.

For global projects, responsiveness matters. Rongsheng’s service network across 30+ countries is designed to support selection discussions, sampling, and technical alignment—so your team can move from drawing to delivery with fewer iterations.

Get a Tailored Sintered Zirconia Corundum Brick Solution for Your Furnace

Share your operating temperature, cycling pattern, slag chemistry, and lining drawings. Receive a practical recommendation: suitable grade, dimensions, quantity list, and installation notes—built for your exact duty conditions so your high-temperature furnace runs more stable and lasts longer.

Request a Custom Sintered Zirconia Corundum Brick Specification & Lining Plan Typical response time: within 24 hours on working days • Technical drawings supported
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